Alfred Ajibola
- Fri, 03rd January, 2020 @ 3:31 PM
Topics in Basic Science
Resources from living things Resources from animals Importance of immunization Types of Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides Carbohydrates: Disaccharides and Oligosaccharides Len Academy Examination Questions for Basic Science, JSS2, 2nd Term Len Academy Examination Questions for Basic Science, JSS3, 3rd Term Len Academy Examination Questions for Basic Science, JSS3, 2nd Term Primates: Characteristics of Primates Effects of improper waste management Waste Management: Causes of waste in the society Concept of mass and weight Mineral Salts: Sources, functions and deficiencies of macronutrients Sources, functions and deficiencies of micronutrients Len Academy questions for Basic Science JSS1, second Term Len Academy mid-term test questions for Basic Science JSS1, 2nd Term Microorganisms causing food, water and air borne diseases Vector borne organisms and the diseases they cause Bones of the Human Skeleton Meaning of Drugs, Type of Drugs and Side effects of DrugsAcademic Questions in Basic Science
Vaccination involves a process of introducing pathogens or germs into a person in order to prevent such person from the diseases they cause.
A. True
B. False
With regards to the human health, foreign bodies are best regarded as _____.
A. International bodies
B. Antilators
C. Antibodies
D. Antigens
E. Antibiotics
F. Antidotes
Disease causing organisms are termed _____.
A. Pests
B. Pathogens
C. Vectors
D. Insects
E. Disease carriers
F. All the above options are correct
____ is formed from a reaction utilizing oxygen and glucose in the mitochondria of cells.
A. Galactose
B. Fructose
C. Sucrose
D. AMP
E. ADP
F. ATP
Which of the following statement is false concerning carbohydrates?
A. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only
B. Carbon has the highest ratio of the constituent elements of carbohydrates
C. All carbohydrates are sugars
D. Fructose is a carbohydrate
E. Natural milk contains lactose and it's a carbohydrate
F. Fatty foods contains high calories of energy when compared to the same quantity of carbohydrate foods
Which of the following is a class of food?
A. Water
B. Fibre
C. Roughages
D. Latex
E. Tanins
F. Wax
Brachiation is a specialized form of movement exhibited by _____.
A. Human beings
B. Babbons
C. Chameleons
D. Toads
E. Millipedes
F. Birds
_____ is a form of locomotion whereby an organism move by means of its two hind limbs.
A. Pedalism
B. Duo Pedalism
C. Double Pedalism
D. Dual Pedalism
E. Bipedalism
F. Copedalism
An animal is considered to be a primate if it belongs to an order called primate. The term 'order' refers to one on the levels of classifying living organisms.
The classification of living organisms are basically put into 7 levels. These are:
Kingdom
Phylum (for animals) or Division (for plants)
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Specie
Primates generally have 2 suborders. These are:
Prosimian: They include primates like lemur, tarsiers and lorises. They are shown in the image below:
Anthropoids: These primates include monkeys, apes and man. See the image below:
Primates are the 3rd most diverse order among mammals; after the orders: rodentia (comprising of rodents) and chiroptera (comprising of bats).
Please read an introduction to biology here.
Note: All primates do not exactly share the same characteristics and this has brought about some divisions among zoologist as to the proper classification of primates.
You can read on the characteristics of reptiles here.
They have their eyes in front on their head; (that is; forward facing eyes). They also possess binocular vision, stereoscopic vision and colour vision.
They have flexible shoulder and hip joint. This feature gives primate the ability to carry out climbing movements.
Please read on the functions of the human skeleton here.
They have prehensile hands and feet with opposable thumbs and toes. This feature is responsible for gripping and manipulative actions in primates.
You can read on the basic characteristics of life here.
They have 5 digits on their hands and feet. This is termed 'pentadactyl'.
The image below shows the hands of various primates. Monkeys are exceptions here.
They have four different sets of teeth. These are incissors, canine, molars and premolars. They also have a decreased number of teeth when compared to other mammals.
They observe a longer postnatal cycle. This means that they spend a longer time caring for their young.
Please read amazing facts in biology here.
They have finger and toe nails, unlike other animals with claws and hooves.
They possess two clavicles (or collar bones) which connects the upper limbs to the manubrium of the sternum.
Please read on all bones of the human skeleton here.
They have the ability to stand and walk on two legs. This is termed bipedalism.
They live longer. This implies that they have longer life span when compared to other mammals in a different order. Chimpanzee for instance can live for up to 70 years while baboons can stay alive for up to 30 years (with proper medical care).
They exhibit an increased social behaviour and can gather in large groups.
Please read on the factors that promote cooperation here.
They have bigger brains with more folds. The more folds a brain has, the more intelligent the animal would be. In fact, the brains of humans are highly folded, giving rise to man's uniqueness.
Please read more on the uniqueness of man here.
Below is an image of the human brain:
The possession of a highly developed brain is the major attribute of man's uniqueness. This has enable man to reason, solve problems and advance in technology.
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Amazing facts in Basic Science
Of all animals, mosquitoes hold the record of killing most humans annually. They are responsible for the deaths of 725,000 - 1,000,000 persons yearly
Antibiotics fights and kills bacteria. However, they do nothing to a virus
All insects have six legs. However, dragonfly has six legs but can't walk
The chin is defined as the protruding part of the face below the mouth, formed by the apex of the lower lip. It is shown below:
Interestingly, humans are the only animals with chin
Ripe cranberries will bounce like a ball. For this reason, they are nicknamed 'bounceberries'. They will also float in water
Tomatoes and Avocados are fruits, not vegetables
Sweat in itself doesn't smell. The smell that accompanies sweat is actually caused by the presence of bacteria on your skin. This bacteria breaks the sweat coming out of your sweat pores down into acids, thus making it smell.
Deodorants contains alcohol and are antibacterial. They work by killing the bacteria that makes sweat smell
Chewing aspirin during a heart attack may be a life saver. This is true because the drug inhibits platelets from forming a clot that can block an artery of the heart, thus stopping a heart attack
The kneecaps of newly born babies are not made of bone. Rather, they are little bits of cartilage which ossifies (turns from cartilages to bone) from age 2 to 6
Ice cubes made with fresh water are white in color while those made with boiled water are crystal clear
NOTABLE POINTS IN Basic Science
Matter is composed of particles which can be:
Tightly packed together (as seen in solids).
Loosely packed together (as seen in liquids).
Completely separated (as seen in gases).
The movement of the particles of matter is a function of the overall kinetic energy present in them. You can think of kinetic energy as energy in motion.
An increase in the particles' vibrational, rotational or translational motion will imply an increase in temperature while a decrease in the particles motion (vibrational, rotational and translational) will mean a decrease in temperature. Based on this knowledge, we can therefore define temperature as the measure of the average kinetic energy possessed by the particles of matter.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a score derived from a set of standardized tests developed to measure a person's cognitive abilities in relation to their age group.
IQ may also be defined as the ratio of mental age (MA) to chronological age (CA) multiplied by 100.
Below are some formulas pertaining Intelligence Quotient:
IQ = MA x 100 ÷ CA
MA = Mental age
CA = Chronological age
IQ above 100 = Brilliance
IQ that equals 100 = Average
IQ below 100 = Below Average
Among all organisms in the universe, the human brain is the most developed. This highly developed brain present in humans is the biggest factor that makes them unique from every other organism on earth.
According to research, the more folds a brain has, the more intelligent the organism possessing it will become. To this end, humans have brains with the greatest number of folds (or bumps) called gyri and grooves (or indentations) called sulci.
Waste Management can be defined as the process of collecting, processing, recycling and controlling any material considered as waste.
Improperly disposed waste litters on road sides, in land fills, gutters and ditches. They are generally bad for the following reasons:
The waste block drainages hence resulting to flooding, especially during the rainy seasons.
Please read on erosion here.
They generate bad smells which can be dangerous to health.
They constitute nuisance and eyesore.
They become homes to various disease causing organisms.
Please read on vectors of diseases here.
Wastes can be classified into various types. These are:
Biodegradable waste
Non-Biodegradable waste
Refuse
Sewage
Recyclable waste
Electronic waste
Green waste
Biomedical waste
Metabolic waste
Radioactive waste
Chemical waste
Animal product waste
Please read the explanations on the classification of wastes here
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