Topics in ICT
Introduction to routers in networking Wired router and wireless router explained What are core routers in networking? Virtual routers explained with its configuration Edge router explained with its types Domain Name System explained Types of computer network Functions of a router Computer scheme of work, SS1, First Term Computer scheme of work, SS1, Second Term Computer scheme of work, SS1, Third Term Introduction to computer networks Types of DNS server Open Systems Interconnect: Layers of the OSI Model Internet of Things (IoT), How IoT works, its advantages and challenges How to consume less data on android phone Best programming languages to learn The internet and world wide web explained Computer Hardware, Parts and Functions of Computer HardwareAcademic Questions in ICT
DNS belongs to layer _____ of the Open System Interconnect (OSI) model of networking.
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
E. Five
F. Six
G. Seven
Which of the following DNS servers receive queries directly from computers, phones and other client devices?
A. Root Nameserver
B. Top Level Domain (TLD) Nameserver
C. Bottom Level Domain (BLD) Nameserver
D. Authoritative Nameserver
E. Direct Nameserver
F. Recursive DNS Server
The uppermost layer of the Open System Interconnect (OSI) model of networking is the _____ layer.
A. Physical
B. Application
C. Network
D. Transport
E. Data Link
F. Presentation
Concerning the internet of things, which of the following statement is incorrect?
A. Humans will become connected to the internet through the internet of things
B. It refers to the billions of physical devices that will be connected to the internet
C. Big data is associated with the internet of things
D. Presently, we have more humans living on earth that things connected to the internet
E. China, North America and Europe accounts for over two thirds of internet connected things
F. The ultimate goal of the Internet of things will be made a reality through IPv6
What is the first step towards disabling automatic image download on WhatsApp?
A. Click on the three dots on the top right hand corner
B. Click on the WhatsApp logo
C. Click on the settings icon on the top right corner
D. Click on the settings icon located on the to top-center of the app
E. Click directly on the storage and data icon located on the top right corner
F. Click on the mobile data usage icon located on the top right corner
The followings are ways to conserve data on android phones except _____.
A. Turning on data saving mode
B. Activating background apps
C. Use of Wi-Fi to update apps
D. Disable automatic image download on WhatsApp
E. Watch low resolution videos on youtube
F. Utilizing a reputable data saving app on google playstore
Twitter was launched in _____.
A. 2003
B. 2004
C. 2005
D. 2006
E. 2007
F. 2008
Due to the limitation of the Internet Protocol version 4 address, _____ was created.
A. IPv5
B. IPv6
C. IPv7
D. IPv8
E. IPv9
F. IPv10
You may have heard the saying that 'data is life'; and that's absolutely correct. Data have proven to be important to us in the following areas of our lives:
To keep up conversation with our family and friends.
For our academics.
To perform our jobs.
To learn new things online.
To carry out financial transactions.
To buy things online and so much more.
You can read on the meaning and objectives of social studies here.
We often pay some amount of money to our service provider whenever we use data on our phones and computer. The amount of data usage accounted for by your computer or phone is based on the size of uploads to internet (data sent) and downloads (data received) from the internet.
Understand that the size of data consumed by our computer devices are measured in kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes; although the download activity accounts for more of the data consumed.
In an attempt to manage the financial budget of our online activities, we need to be strategic and prudent on the use of data. Efficient use of data is achievable by anyone in as much as they understand how the computer system (on which data is consumed) functions.
Please read on the internet of things here.
In this article, we will exlore various ways through which we can efficiently consume less data on our android devices.
Below are some guidelines that can aid in the minimization of data on our android phones:
To do this,
Go to your phone settings
Click on network
Click on internet data usage
Click on mobile data usage
Click on set data limit and billing cycle
Set the maximum amount of data you wish to use for the month.
It is noteworthy to state that after reaching the data limit you had set on your phone, your data will become automatically disabled; and a notification will be sent to your device in this regard.
To turn on your mobile data, follow the steps above and turn off 'set data limit'.
This feature will work only on android 7.0 operating system and above. To turn on data saving mode, follow the steps below:
Go to your phone settings
Click on network and internet
Click on data usage
Click on data saver and turn it on
After data saver is turned on, the data saver icon will appear on your phone’s status bar.
Some applications tend to consume your data while in background. You need to stop these apps from running in background via the following steps:
Go to your phone settings
Click on network and internet
Click on data usage
Here, you can view the statistics of data consumed by each app
Click on any app to see its foreground data (data consumed by an app in use) and background data (data consumed when the app is not in use)
Locate apps with high background data and disable them by clicking on 'restrict app background data'
Go to Google playstore
Click on settings
Click on auto-update apps
Select auto-update apps over Wi-Fi only
Go to youtube's website
Search for the video you intend to watch
Click on the three white dots at the top right corner of the video
Click on quality and select a lower resolution display for your video
You can read on computer networks here.
Go to your browsers
Click on the respective browser's settings
Click on data saver to turn it on
On your WhatsApp, click on the three dots located at the top right corner of the app
Click on settings
Click on storage and data
Select 'when using mobile data'
Untick the boxes for photos, videos, audio and documents respectively
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Amazing facts in ICT
1,000 computers are used to retrieve the answers to your Google search (query) in 0.2 seconds
The first hand-held mobile phone call was made in New York City on April 3rd, 1973
The logo for gmail was designed the night before it was launched
Coca Cola owns all the domain names (website names) that can be read as ahh. They include: ahh.com, ahhh.com, ahhhh.com, ahhhhh.com, ahhhhhh.com and so on..., all the way up to 62 'h's!
YouTube is a video-sharing platform which commenced operations on February 14, 2005 (Valentine's day). Three former PayPal employees -> Chad Hurley, Steve Chen and Jawed Karim created the YouTube service (as a dating app) until Google bought it in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion
Smoking near an Apple (Mac) computer voids the warranty.
When you add /4 to the end of Facebook's URL, it will take you to Mark Zuckerberg.
You can try it on you own; or better still, try the link below:
Apple iPad retina display is actually manufactured by Samsung
The big five tech companies of the world as at 2018 are :
Apple
Amazon
Microsoft
Notable points in ICT
Python is one of the most popular programming languages, and will still remain relevant for a long time.
Python can be used for almost every kind of project including web application, machine learning, mobile and desktop applications, networking servers, APIs, scrapers, application’s backend and so on.
There is a great availability of third-party libraries for the python language. For this reason, it becomes one one of the easiest languages to learn as a beginner.
Believe it or not, Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) still remains one of the most popular backend language for web applications, even though it is currently facing a stiff competition from python language.
Content Management Systems (CMS) like wordpress and drupal are written in PHP for its backend. Interestingly, some of facebook’s backend were also written in PHP.
As at 2019, the backend of more than 40% of active websites are powered with PHP. In fact, Len Academy is also powered by PHP for its backend.
If you wish to manipulate databases via Structured Query Language (SQL) with a programming language that has dynamic capabilities, then PHP is your language of choice.
Below are notable dates on internet evolution:
1983: The Domain Name System (DNS) created the '.com .edu .gov .org and .net' systems for naming websites
1985: The first registered domain name - 'symbolics.com' came into existence
1992: The first audio and video were uploaded over the internet
1992: The phrase 'surfing the Internet' became popular
1993: The number of websites reached 600
1993: White House and United Nations go online
1994: Microsoft creates a Web browser for Windows 95
1994: Yahoo! is created by Jerry Yang and David Filo
1995 Amazon and eBay were launched online
1996: 'The Dancing Baby' becomes the first viral internet video
1997: Netflix is founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph
1998: Google search engine came into existence
2003: The worm 'SQL Slammer' spread over the internet within 10 minutes
2004: Facebook goes online
Computer hardware is the collection of physical parts of a computer system.
Physical parts of a computer are those parts that you can see and touch. It may also be referred to as the 'equipment of the computer'.
When the computer case is opened (with a screwdriver), one would see the different hardware components inside of it. It's important to state that some other hardware components are present outside the computer case; and these are termed peripherals.
Below are hardware components seen inside the computer case:
Motherboard
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
Power supply Unit (PSU)
Northbridge
Southbridge
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) slots
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Ventilation fans
Heat sink
Solid State Drive (SSD)
CMOS battery
Optical Disc Drives (external present)
USB port, PS2 port, Ethernet port and other ports
Expansion Ports / Slots
Hardware components seen outside the computer case are called peripherals. The peripherals are grouped into the following:
Input devices: They provide information to the computer.
Output devices: Brings out information from the computer.
Storage devices: They store information or data.
Below are examples of some peripherals:
Keyboard (input)
Monitor (output)
Mouse (input)
Webcam (input)
Touch Pad (input)
Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash drive or memory card (storage)
Hard disc drive (storage)
Stylus (input)
Joystick(input)
Printer (output)
Speaker (output)
Headphones (output)
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