Agricultural Science

Agricultural tools and their uses

len Alfred Ajibola - Tue, 12th February, 2019 @ 3:10 PM

Topics in Agricultural Science

Clay soil explained with its types and characteristics Loamy soil explained with its characteristics Sandy soil: Characteristics of sandy soil and ways to make it fertile Soil explained with its composition Types of agricultural practices Crop rotation explained Benefits of crop rotation Differences between subsistence and commercial farming Subsistence farming explained with its characteristics What is commercial farming? Types of commercial farming Characteristics of commercial farming Importance of forest: Forest reserves in Nigeria Wildlife reserves in Nigeria and its importance Prevention and Control of Crop Pests Economic Importance of Crop Pests Classification of Insect Pests and their Economic Importance Agricultural machines and their uses Causes of soil erosion Ways to prevent soil erosion Asexual Propagation in Plants, Types and Examples


Academic Questions in Agricultural Science

Please click here to see all Questions and Answers

The ideal pH for the optimum growth of most agricultural crop is between _____.

  • A. 1 – 3.5

  • B. 4 – 5.5

  • C. 6 – 7.5

  • D. 8 – 9.5

  • E. 10 – 11.5

  • F. 12 – 13.5

People who go about their lives by raising and herding livestock such as cattle, sheep and goats are said to practice _____.

  • A. Pastoralism

  • B. Pasturalism

  • C. Herding

  • D. Herdsmen

  • E. Animalism

  • F. Anime Farming

The act of giving birth in pigs is called _____.

  • A. Calving

  • B. Piggery

  • C. Kidding

  • D. Farrowing

  • E. Calfing

  • F. Pigging

Which of the following is not a vegetable?

  • A. Cashew

  • B. Cocumber

  • C. Tomatoes

  • D. Carrot

  • E. Squash

  • F. Eggplant

All plants are crops.

  • A. True

  • B. False

In agriculture, macronutrients are essential nutrients required by plants. Which of the following is not a macronutrient?

  • A. Zinc

  • B. Sulphur

  • C. Calcium

  • D. Phosphorus

  • E. Potassium

  • F. Magnesium

Which of the following is false concerning micronutrients?

  • A. They are non-essential nutrients

  • B. They are required by plants in minute quantities

  • C. Iron is a micronutrient

  • D. Chlorine is a micronutrient

  • E. Copper is a micronutrient

  • F. Boron is a micronutrient

_____ is a term that describes the biological, chemical and cultural control tactics employed to make pest management economical, environmentally friendly and socially acceptable.

  • A. Integrated Pest Management

  • B. Integral Pest Management

  • C. International Pest Management

  • D. Inclusive Pest Management

  • E. Imbibed Pest Management

  • F. Inclusion Pest Management



Farm Tools and their Uses:

Farm tools consist of all the instruments used in farmlands for the purpose of making the farm work easy. Some are simple hand tools which are often manually used on small farmlands while others are large agricutural machines utilized on a much bigger farmlands.

Mechanized farming is the term for describing the use of agricutural machines on farmlands.

Please read on the definition and meanings of various agricutural terms here.

Below are some of the simple farm tools and their uses:

 

1. Cutlass

Cutlass - Len Academy

  • It is used for cutting tree branches, weeds and other plant materials in farmlands.
  • It is used for digging superficial holes for the planting of seeds.
  • It can be used for harvesting crops like sugarcane.
  • Cutlass is also utilized in the planting of crops like melon.
  • It may also be used in the clearing of bushes.

Please read on the differences between plants and crops here.

 

2. Shovel

Shovel - Len Academy

  • It is used for digging the soil.
  • It’s also the used to mix the soil and move trash away from it.

 

3. Spade

Spade - Len Academy

  • It’s very similar to the shovel.
  • It’s used for mixing and digging the soil.
  • It can also used for leveling up the soil.

 

4. Hoe

Hoe - Len Academy

  • We have a variety of hoes.
  • They are generally used for tilling the soil.
  • They are used for making trenches in farmlands.
  • A hoe is utilized in harvesting crops like yam and cocoyam.
  • They are also used for cutting weeds on farmlands.

Please read on soil erosion here.

 

5. Bolo

Bolo - Len Academy

  • It is used to cut weeds from the soil.

Please read on the problems of agriculture in Nigeria here.

 

6. Wheelbarrow

Wheelbarrow - Len Academy

  • It is used for carrying various materials on the farmland from one place to another.

 

7. Rake

Rake - Len Academy

  • It is used for removing dirt from the soil.
  • It’s also used to level the top soil.

 

8. Hand Trowel

Hand Trowel - Len Academy

 

9. Sickle

Sickle - Len Academy

  • A sickle looks like a question mark (?).
  • It’s used for harvesting plants like rice and wheat.

You can read on agricultural machines and their uses here.

 

10. Hand Fork

Hand Fork - Len Academy

  • It is used for mixing soil and organic matter.
  • It can also be used for inter-row cultivation.

 

11. Secateurs

Secateurs - Len Academy

  • Secateurs are also referred to as pruning shears or hand pruners.
  • It looks like a pair of scissors.
  • It’s used for trimming flowers and leaves.
  • It is also used for pruning the branches of shrubs.

 

12. Shears

Shears - Len Academy

  • It looks like a big pair of scissors.
  • It’s used for trimming ornamental plants.
  • It is also used for pruning trees.

 

13. Axe

Axe - Len Academy

  • It is used to cut stems and thick sized branches of trees.
  • It is also used to divide big stems of trees into smaller parts.

 

14. Pickaxe

Pickaxe - Len Academy

  • A pickaxe consists of a long wooden handle with a sharp double headed thick metallic blade attached at one end.
  • It is used for digging and breaking up hard soil.
  • It is also used in uprooting tree stumps.

 

15. Crowbar

Crowbar - Len Academy

  • A crowbar is used for digging out stones or stumps.
  • It can also function as a lever arm.

 

16. Watering Can | Sprinkler

Watering Can / Sprinkler - Len Academy

  • It is used for applying water to crops and seedlings.
  • It’s also used for applying liquid fertilizer on the soil.

Please read on agricutural land and their uses here.

 

17. Sprayers

Sprayers - Len Academy

 

18. Hammer

Hammer - Len Academy

 

19. Mallet

Mallet - Len Academy

  • Mallets are similar to hammers except that its entire body is composed of wood.
  • It’s used for hitting woods into the ground.

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Amazing facts in Agricultural Science

Cows technically have one stomach, not four. However, a cow's stomach has four compartments. These are: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum

Peanuts are legumes and not nuts

Although plants neither see nor hear, they can recognize their siblings and even give them preferential treatments

Squirrels do plant more trees (through their actions) than an average human in their lifetime. They often hide their acorns and nuts underground and forget about them

Cows have got the ability to walk up stairs, but not down stairs

A group of cows is called a team, drove or herd.

People just prefer to call them herd


Notable points in Agricultural Science

Below are characteristics of gymnosperms:

  1. Their seeds have cones that protect them.

  2. Sepals and petals aren't present in their cones.

  3. Stigma and style are absent.

  4. They do not produce fruits. Only seeds are formed.

  5. Companion cells are absent.

  6. Sporophyll form the cones.

  7. Anther and filament are absent.

  8. The ovules are not present in the ovary.

  9. Gymnosperms do not possess flowers.

  10. Please read on the anatomical differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms here

The flower is the reproductive organ in plants' sexual reproduction. In order to achieve a successful sexual propagation or reproduction in plants, the floral parts of the flower are utilized.

The floral parts of a flower consists of the followings:

  1. Sepals

  2. Petals

  3. Stamen

  4. Carpel

The stamen is male portion of a plant. It consists of the anther and filament.

The carpel (or pistil) is the female portion of the plant. It consists of the stigma, style and ovary.

Please read more on plants' sexual reproduction here

An organism will be considered a pest if it does one of the followings:

  • Attack crops and eat its seeds, roots, stem, leaves and flowers. Examples are locust and grasshoppers.

  • Cause damage to stored food, fruits or other agricultural produce. Some may even urinate or deaficate on these products. Examples are rodents, cockroaches and mice.

  • Attack and kill farm animals like goats, sheep and cattle. Examples are foxes, wild cats and snakes.

  • Act as disease vectors. A vector is an organism that carries parasite and other disease causing organisms, without being affected; but when they introduce the parasites into their host, such host becomes infected with disease. Examples of vectors are rodents and mosquitoes.

    Please read more on vectors of diseases here.

Below are the classification of crops based on their uses:

  • Oil crops

  • Vegetable crops

  • Latex crops

  • Drug and Medicinal crops

  • Beverage crops

  • Fibre crops

  • Fruit crops

  • Root and Tubers

  • Legumes

  • Spices

  • Cereals

All crops are plants but not all plants are crops. Below are some instances:

  • Weeds are considered as plants, not crops.

  • Parasitic plants are not necessarily crops. Examples of parasitic plants include mistletoe, corpse flower and striga.

  • Carnivorous or insectivorous plants are not necessarily crops. Examples are sundew, venus flytrap and pitcher plant. The image below shows a carnivorous plant (venus flytrap).

Venus flytrap - Len Academy

 

Meanwhile, always understand that all crops are plants, and they are grown for food, money or something beneficial.

Please read on plants versus crops here