Alfred Ajibola
- 17th May, 2026 @ 11:55 AM
Topics in Basic Science
Classifications of Drugs, Sources of Drugs and Drug Abuse Teeth, Structure of the Tooth, Dentition and Dental Care Balanced Diet, Classes of Food and their Importance Classes of Food, their Composition and Functions Nutrition: Types and Class of Food Cleanliness of parts of the body Family Health and Personal Cleanliness Behaviors and Feelings during Adolescence Pubertal changes in Boys and Girls Classification and Uses of Rubber Characteristics, Classification and Uses of Plastics Cement: Composition, Types and Uses of Cement Types, Properties and Uses of Ceramics Properties and Uses of Nonmetals Safety Devices: Examples and Uses of Safety Devices Accident Prevention Techniques and Safety Rules Safety Precautions for Pedestrians, Cyclists and Motorists Technology: Benefits of Technology Alloys: Types, Composition and Uses of Alloys Ferrous and Non-Ferrous MetalsAcademic Questions in Basic Science
Which of the following diseases is associated with river blindness?
A. Anthrax
B. Lawnmower Disease
C. Onchocerciasis
D. Devil's Crunch
E. Trypanosomiasis
F. Tularemia
The vector for yellow fever is _____.
A. Aedes Mosquito
B. Female Anopheles Mosquito
C. Plasmodium
D. Flavivirus
E. Black Fly
F. Bacillus Anthracis
The bones of the head and face make up the skull. These bones are _____ in number.
A. 12
B. 14
C. 16
D. 18
E. 20
F. 22
Bacteria are not a constituent of our environment.
A. True
B. False
Below are types of drugs. Which of these is considered as pain killers?
A. Stimulants
B. Depressants
C. Opiods and Morphine Derivatives
D. Hallucinogens
E. Anabolic Steroids
F. Cannabinoids
Which of the following statement is false concerning drugs?
A. Drugs can be inhaled
B. Drugs can be injected directly into the bloodstream
C. Drugs can be eaten
D. Drugs exist exclusively in the forms of tablets and syrups
E. Drugs can be placed under the tongue
F. Drugs can be taken with water or another liquid
Vaccination involves a process of introducing pathogens or germs into a person in order to prevent such person from the diseases they cause.
A. True
B. False
With regards to the human health, foreign bodies are best regarded as _____.
A. International bodies
B. Antilators
C. Antibodies
D. Antigens
E. Antibiotics
F. Antidotes
Plants can be classified into the following based on their structural differences. These are:
Thallophyte: These are primitive, simple aquatic plants with no true roots, stems or leaves. Examples are algae, spirogyra, volvox, chara, ulva, kelp, rhizopus and lichens,
Bryophyte: These refers to group of small plants that live in damp places on land. In this regard, they are found within the walls of wells, wet blocks and walls beneath tap surfaces. They lack true roots, stems and leaves respectively. Examples are hornworts, mosses and liverworts.
Please read on the characteristics of living organisms here.
Pteridophyte: These are vascular plants (that is, plants that have transport systems called xylem and phloem); and they also reproduce by the production of spores. Pteridophyte do not have flowers, and are thus often termed as cryptogams. Examples include ferns, dicksonia, selaginella, club mosses, horse tails, lycopodium, pteris, quillworts and spikemosses.
Spermatophyte : They are seed-bearing vascular plants which may be flowering. They are put into two groups. These are gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Gymnosperms are non-flowering plants with naked seeds covered in cones. Examples are cycads, ginkgos and conifers.
Angiosperm are flowering plants with their seeds enclosed within a fruit or ovary. They include the various fruit plants around us; for example, mango, orange, pineapple, tomato, apple, cocoa and pawpaw plants respectively.
Angiosperms are further divided into two classes based on their seed leaves. These are monocotyledons and dicotyledons respectively.
Please read more on the differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms here.
Below are differences between monocots and dicots:
| Monocotyledons | Dicotyledons |
| They have one seed leaf or cotyledon | They have two seed leaves or cotyledons |
| They have long and narrow leaves | They have short and broad leaves |
| They have fibrous root system | They have tap root system |
| They have parallel leaf veins | They have net, branched or reticulate leaf veination |
| Their flowers occur in multiples of three (trimerous) | Their flowers occurs in multiples of four or five (tetramerous or pentamerous) |
| Their stems have scattered vascular bundles | Their vascular bundles are arranged in a distinct ring. |
| Most monocot stem do not undergo thickening or secondary growth | Dicot stem usually undergo secondary growth or thickening |
| Examples of monocot include grasses, wheat, rice, corn and oil palm | Examples of dicot include cowpea, beans, potatoes, oak, orange and apple trees. |
Please read on the differences between plants and crops here.
Below are the differences between plants and animals:
| Plants | Animals |
| Green plant possess chlorophyll | Animals do not possess chlorophyll |
| They manufacture their own food through a process termed photosynthesis | They cannot manufacture their own food |
| Plants do not exhibit locomotion; that is; they cannot move freely from one point to another | Most animals can move freely from one point to another. They therefore exhibit locomotion |
| They show slow response to external stimuli | They show rapid response to external stimuli |
| Plants may reproduce both sexually and asexually. | Animals typically reproduce sexually through the fusion of sperm and egg (fertilization) |
| Growth is not limited. It continues throughout life | Growth occurs in all parts of the body, and it is typically limited to a certain size and age |
| The have a rigid cell wall bounding the cell membrane. This cell wall is made up of cellulose | The cell membrane is the outermost part of an animal cell. They do not have a cell wall surrounding it. |
| Plant cell has a large centrally placed vacuole in its cytoplasm | Animal cell has several small scattered vacuole within its cytoplasm |
Please read more on the differences between plant cell and animal cell here.
Please read the continuation of this topic here.
Please read basic science scheme of work for jss1 first term here.
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Amazing facts in Basic Science
According to scientific research, if the first tear drop comes from the right eye, it’s tears of joy. If it comes from the left eye, then it is as a result of pain
Dentistry is the oldest profession in the world. This is considered true because a research conducted by the University of Bologna, Italy on a 14,000-year-old skull found that one rotten tooth in the jaw had been deliberately scoured and scraped with a dental tool
Scientific research has it that the human nose can distinguish more than a trillion different odors
Tigers have striped fur. So also is their skin
The most common wild bird in the world is native to Africa, and it's the red-billed quelea with a population estimated to be around 1.5 billion
Of all animals, mosquitoes hold the record of killing most humans annually. They are responsible for the deaths of 725,000 - 1,000,000 persons yearly
Antibiotics fights and kills bacteria. However, they do nothing to a virus
All insects have six legs. However, dragonfly has six legs but can't walk
The chin is defined as the protruding part of the face below the mouth, formed by the apex of the lower lip. It is shown below:
Interestingly, humans are the only animals with chin
Ripe cranberries will bounce like a ball. For this reason, they are nicknamed 'bounceberries'. They will also float in water
Notable points in Basic Science
We have six classes of food. These are:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats and Oils
Vitamins
Mineral Salts
Water
In humans, roughages are not classified as one of the classes of food. This is so because they aren't digested. Instead, roughages facilitate the movement of bowels in the large intestine (colon); and for this reason, they can become useful in treating constipation.
Food refers to anything that is ingested by living organisms, giving them nutrients and thus enabling them to stay alive.
As an instance, 99% of a panda's diet is bamboo. In this case, bamboo is considered as food to a panda since it provides a source of nutrient and keeps it alive. This is shown in the image below:
The only process in nature that actively enriches our atmosphere with oxygen is photosynthesis. Every other process like respiration, burning and combustion takes away oxygen from it. In addition, they introduce carbon(IV)oxide (CO2) into the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis is also the only process that takes away carbon(IV)oxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis is defined as a process by which green plants manufacture food by utilizing carbon(IV)oxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
Oxygen is given off as a by-product of photosynthesis. In regards to this, it is recommended that each person plants a tree.
Matter is composed of particles which can be:
Tightly packed together (as seen in solids).
Loosely packed together (as seen in liquids).
Completely separated (as seen in gases).
The movement of the particles of matter is a function of the overall kinetic energy present in them. You can think of kinetic energy as energy in motion.
An increase in the particles' vibrational, rotational or translational motion will imply an increase in temperature while a decrease in the particles motion (vibrational, rotational and translational) will mean a decrease in temperature. Based on this knowledge, we can therefore define temperature as the measure of the average kinetic energy possessed by the particles of matter.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a score derived from a set of standardized tests developed to measure a person's cognitive abilities in relation to their age group.
IQ may also be defined as the ratio of mental age (MA) to chronological age (CA) multiplied by 100.
Below are some formulas pertaining Intelligence Quotient:
IQ = MA x 100 ÷ CA
MA = Mental age
CA = Chronological age
IQ above 100 = Brilliance
IQ that equals 100 = Average
IQ below 100 = Below Average