Agricultural Science

Differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms

len Alfred Ajibola - Mon, 27th January, 2020 @ 12:25 PM

Topics in Agricultural Science

Types of agricultural practices Crop rotation explained Benefits of crop rotation Differences between subsistence and commercial farming Subsistence farming explained with its characteristics What is commercial farming? Types of commercial farming Characteristics of commercial farming Importance of forest: Forest reserves in Nigeria Wildlife reserves in Nigeria and its importance Prevention and Control of Crop Pests Economic Importance of Crop Pests Classification of Insect Pests and their Economic Importance Agricultural machines and their uses Causes of soil erosion Ways to prevent soil erosion Asexual Propagation in Plants, Types and Examples Differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms Scheme of Work, Agricultural Science, SS1, First Term Scheme of Work, Agricultural Science, SS1, Second Term Scheme of Work, Agricultural Science, SS1, Third Term


Academic Questions in Agricultural Science

Please click here to see all Questions and Answers

All plants are crops.

  • A. True

  • B. False

In agriculture, macronutrients are essential nutrients required by plants. Which of the following is not a macronutrient?

  • A. Zinc

  • B. Sulphur

  • C. Calcium

  • D. Phosphorus

  • E. Potassium

  • F. Magnesium

Which of the following is false concerning micronutrients?

  • A. They are non-essential nutrients

  • B. They are required by plants in minute quantities

  • C. Iron is a micronutrient

  • D. Chlorine is a micronutrient

  • E. Copper is a micronutrient

  • F. Boron is a micronutrient

_____ is a term that describes the biological, chemical and cultural control tactics employed to make pest management economical, environmentally friendly and socially acceptable.

  • A. Integrated Pest Management

  • B. Integral Pest Management

  • C. International Pest Management

  • D. Inclusive Pest Management

  • E. Imbibed Pest Management

  • F. Inclusion Pest Management

Cordage is made from _____ crop.

  • A. Food

  • B. Fibre

  • C. Ornamental

  • D. Oil

  • E. Cash

  • F. Vegetables and Spice

_____ is defined as the solid and arable part of the earth where agricultural activities are be carried out.

  • A. Soil

  • B. Farmland

  • C. Agricultural land

  • D. Biosphere

  • E. Open land

  • F. Planting and grazing land

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are seed bearing plants under the division spermatophyta?

  • A. True

  • B. False

Which of the following is false concerning gymnosperms?

  • A. Cones are present

  • B. Sepals are present

  • C. Petals are absent

  • D. Only seeds are produced

  • E. Sporophyll form the cones

  • F. In seed formation, the ovules aren't present in the ovary


Gymnosperms vs Angiosperms:

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are plants that produce seeds. Seed bearing plants are categorized as spermatophytes.

Gymnosperms are believed to have existed before the angiosperms. Presently, the angiosperms are more diversified and numerous in comparison to the gymnosperms.

Please read on plants versus crops here.

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are siphonogamous plants. This means that they both produce pollen grains.

Please read on agricultural terms and meanings here.


In this article, we will look at the reproductive differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Please read on the anatomical and structural differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms here.

 

Reproductive differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms

Below are the differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms:


Gymnosperms: Their reproductive structures are called cones.

Angiosperms: Flowers are the reproductive structures in angiosperms.

Please read on Sexual reproduction in plants here.


Gymnosperms: Cones are unisexual.

Angiosperms: Flowers are usually bisexual but a few can be unisexual.

Please read on Asexual propagation in plants here.


Gymnosperms: The cones produces microspores and megaspores.

Angiosperms: The anther of the flower produces the microspore while the megaspores are produced by the ovules in the ovary.

  • Microspore are plant spores that becomes the male gametophyte (pollen grains).
  • Megaspores are plant spores that becomes the female gametophyte and ultimately the egg cell.

Gymnosperms: Pollination is generally by wind.

Angiosperms: Pollination requires different agents including, wind, water, insects and other animals.

  • Pollination refers to the process involving the transfer of pollen grains from the sexual parts of a plant.

  • The goal of pollination is to bring about fertilization. (That is, union of pollen grain and ova or egg cell).

You can attempt Len Academy agric questions here.


Gymnosperms: The pollen grains will germinate on the micropyle of the ovules. This is termed direct pollination.

Angiosperms: The pollen grain germinates into the pollen tube on the stigma and the male gamete moves through this pollen tube; that is, 'indirect pollination'.


Gymnosperms: The fertilization process is not as complex as that of the angiosperms.

Angiosperms: The fertilization process is doubled. This means that two male gametes fuses with the embryo sac or female gametophyte.


Gymnosperms: The endosperm is haploid.

Angiosperms: The endosperm is triploid.

  • The endosperm is a tissue with a high amount of nutrient found in the seeds of plants; and it nourishes the embryo inside the seed.
  • Note: It is the embryo that germinates when a seed is planted.

You can read on pest of agricultural importance and crops attacked here.


Gymnosperms: The ovule develop into naked seeds.

Angiosperms: The ovule develops into seeds enclosed in the fruit.


Gymnosperms: No fruits are present.

Angiosperms: The ovary becomes the fruit.

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Amazing facts in Agricultural Science

Cows technically have one stomach, not four. However, a cow's stomach has four compartments. These are: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum

Peanuts are legumes and not nuts

Although plants neither see nor hear, they can recognize their siblings and even give them preferential treatments

Squirrels do plant more trees (through their actions) than an average human in their lifetime. They often hide their acorns and nuts underground and forget about them

Cows have got the ability to walk up stairs, but not down stairs

A group of cows is called a team, drove or herd.

People just prefer to call them herd


NOTABLE POINTS IN Agricultural Science

Below are the classification of crops based on their uses:

  • Oil crops

  • Vegetable crops

  • Latex crops

  • Drug and Medicinal crops

  • Beverage crops

  • Fibre crops

  • Fruit crops

  • Root and Tubers

  • Legumes

  • Spices

  • Cereals

All crops are plants but not all plants are crops. Below are some instances:

  • Weeds are considered as plants, not crops.

  • Parasitic plants are not necessarily crops. Examples of parasitic plants include mistletoe, corpse flower and striga.

  • Carnivorous or insectivorous plants are not necessarily crops. Examples are sundew, venus flytrap and pitcher plant. The image below shows a carnivorous plant (venus flytrap).

Venus flytrap - Len Academy

 

Meanwhile, always understand that all crops are plants, and they are grown for food, money or something beneficial.

Please read on plants versus crops here

Below are some of the problems of agriculture in Nigeria:

  • Lack of mechanized farming

  • Poor government policies

  • High cost of fertilizers

  • Lack of education

  • Lack of storage facilities

  • Bad road network

  • Poor research facilities

Please read a detailed explanation on the problems of agriculture in Nigeria here.

Secateurs are agricultural tools.

Secateurs - Len Academy

  • Secateurs are also referred to as pruning shears or hand pruners.

  • It looks like a pair of scissors.

  • It’s used for trimming flowers and leaves.

  • It is also used for pruning the branches of shrubs.

An example of an agricultural tool is the hoe. It is shown below:

Hoe - Len Academy

  • We have a variety of hoes.

  • They are generally used for tilling the soil.

  • They are used for making trenches in farmlands.

  • A hoe is utilized in harvesting crops like yam and cocoyam

  • They are also used for cutting weeds on farmlands.

Please read on agricultural tools and their uses here