Alfred Ajibola
- 01st January, 2026 @ 01:34 PM
Topics in Agricultural Science
Flowers in Plants, Functions and Pollination The Leaf, Parts and Functions of the Leaf Plant Stem, Types and Functions of the Stem Parts of a Plant: Root, Types and Functions of the Root Ranching, Advantages and Disadvantages of Ranching Ley Farming, Advantages and Disadvantages Pastoral Farming: Nomadic Farming, Advantages and Disadvantages Mixed Farming, Advantages and Disadvantages Agroforestry: Taungya System of Farming, Advantages and Disadvantages Principles and Importance of Crop Rotation Multiple Cropping, Types, Advantages and Disadvantages Continuous Cropping, Advantages and Disadvantages Mixed Cropping, Types, Advantages and Disadvantages Arable Farming: Monocropping, Advantages and Disadvantages Types of Agricutural practices in Localities: Shifting Cultivation, Advantages and Disadvantages Types of Agriculture: Subsistence and Commercial Agriculture Branches of Agriculture Meaning, History and Importance of Agriculture Agricultural Science Scheme of Work for JSS1, First Term Digestive system and stomach compartment in ruminantsAcademic Questions in Agricultural Science
The ideal pH for the optimum growth of most agricultural crop is between _____.
A. 1 – 3.5
B. 4 – 5.5
C. 6 – 7.5
D. 8 – 9.5
E. 10 – 11.5
F. 12 – 13.5
People who go about their lives by raising and herding livestock such as cattle, sheep and goats are said to practice _____.
A. Pastoralism
B. Pasturalism
C. Herding
D. Herdsmen
E. Animalism
F. Anime Farming
The act of giving birth in pigs is called _____.
A. Calving
B. Piggery
C. Kidding
D. Farrowing
E. Calfing
F. Pigging
Which of the following is not a vegetable?
A. Cashew
B. Cocumber
C. Tomatoes
D. Carrot
E. Squash
F. Eggplant
All plants are crops.
A. True
B. False
In agriculture, macronutrients are essential nutrients required by plants. Which of the following is not a macronutrient?
A. Zinc
B. Sulphur
C. Calcium
D. Phosphorus
E. Potassium
F. Magnesium
Which of the following is false concerning micronutrients?
A. They are non-essential nutrients
B. They are required by plants in minute quantities
C. Iron is a micronutrient
D. Chlorine is a micronutrient
E. Copper is a micronutrient
F. Boron is a micronutrient
_____ is a term that describes the biological, chemical and cultural control tactics employed to make pest management economical, environmentally friendly and socially acceptable.
A. Integrated Pest Management
B. Integral Pest Management
C. International Pest Management
D. Inclusive Pest Management
E. Imbibed Pest Management
F. Inclusion Pest Management
The flower are also known as blossoms and blooms. They are the reproductive part of a plant where pollination takes place.
A flower is comprised of the following parts:
Sepals: This is the outermost part of the flower (whorl), which is usually green in color. It protects the other floral parts of the flower; that is, the petals, stamen and carpel. A group of sepal is called calyx.
Petals: These are the brightly colored part of the flower. They produce pleasant scents, alongside nectar which attract pollinators. A group of petal is called corolla.
Stamen: This is the male reproductive organs of the flower. The stamen are made two parts. These are the anther (which produces pollen grains) and the filament (which holds the anther in place). A group of stamen is called androecium.
Carpel: This is the female reproductive organ of the flower. It is made up of three parts. These are the stigma (which is sticky and catches the pollen), the style (a tube connecting the stigma to the ovary) and the ovary (which contains the ovule and eggs). A group of carpel is called gynoecium or pistil.
Receptacle: This is part of the stalk that attaches the other parts of the flower to the plant.
The image below shows the parts of a flower:
Please read agricultural terminologies and their meanings here.
Recall that the flowers are the reproductive part of a plant where pollination takes place.
Pollination is defined the transfer of pollen grains from the anther (or male reproductive part) of a flowering plant to the stigma (or female reproductive part) of another flowering plant or the same plant, resulting into double fertilization, and bringing about the development of seed. Pollination results from agents like insects, wind, water, and birds.
The male reproductive part of a flower is called stamen which consists of anther and filament while the female reproductive part of the flower is called pistil. The pistil comprises of the stigma, style and ovary.
Please read on the leaf, its functions and photosynthesis here.
There are two types of pollination. These are:
Self pollination,
Cross pollination
This is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the of the same flower, or another flower of the same plant.
Self pollination is also termed as autogamy since it ensures that only one parent (plant) in involved in the reproductive process. As a result, self pollination creates a uniform genetic material (genes), and is common in plants like peas and wheats.
Please read on plant stem, its types and functions here.
This is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther (or male part) of one flower to the stigma (or female part) of another flower on a different plant of the same species.
Cross pollination creates genetic diversity since the genetic materials from different parents are involved; and this results in healthier offsprings which are, more adaptable to their environment. In this regard, it gives rise to new varieties, and consequently, survival of the fittest.
Cross pollination is often brought about by agents like wind, insects and bees.
After pollination and double fertilization, the ovary forms the fruit, while the ovule becomes the seed.
Please read on plant root, its types and functions here.
Flowers are important in sexual reproduction in plants.
They attract pollinators like insects and birds to the plant. As a result, they provide food (in the form of nectar) for these animals. Please read on food chain in ecosystems here.
After pollination and double fertilization, the ovary of the flower becomes the fruit while the ovule becomes the seed.
Flowers can be used to make medicines.
They are used for decoration.
They are also used for the beautification of homes and our environment.
It purifies the environment by absorbing carbon(IV)oxide from it and introducing oxygen into it.
Please read agricultural science scheme of work for jss1 first term here.
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Amazing facts in Agricultural Science
Cows technically have one stomach, not four. However, a cow's stomach has four compartments. These are: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum
Peanuts are legumes and not nuts
Although plants neither see nor hear, they can recognize their siblings and even give them preferential treatments
Squirrels do plant more trees (through their actions) than an average human in their lifetime. They often hide their acorns and nuts underground and forget about them
Cows have got the ability to walk up stairs, but not down stairs
A group of cows is called a team, drove or herd.
People just prefer to call them herd
Notable points in Agricultural Science
Below are characteristics of gymnosperms:
Their seeds have cones that protect them.
Sepals and petals aren't present in their cones.
Stigma and style are absent.
They do not produce fruits. Only seeds are formed.
Companion cells are absent.
Sporophyll form the cones.
Anther and filament are absent.
The ovules are not present in the ovary.
Gymnosperms do not possess flowers.
Please read on the anatomical differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms here
The flower is the reproductive organ in plants' sexual reproduction. In order to achieve a successful sexual propagation or reproduction in plants, the floral parts of the flower are utilized.
The floral parts of a flower consists of the followings:
Sepals
Petals
Stamen
Carpel
The stamen is male portion of a plant. It consists of the anther and filament.
The carpel (or pistil) is the female portion of the plant. It consists of the stigma, style and ovary.
An organism will be considered a pest if it does one of the followings:
Attack crops and eat its seeds, roots, stem, leaves and flowers. Examples are locust and grasshoppers.
Cause damage to stored food, fruits or other agricultural produce. Some may even urinate or deaficate on these products. Examples are rodents, cockroaches and mice.
Attack and kill farm animals like goats, sheep and cattle. Examples are foxes, wild cats and snakes.
Act as disease vectors. A vector is an organism that carries parasite and other disease causing organisms, without being affected; but when they introduce the parasites into their host, such host becomes infected with disease. Examples of vectors are rodents and mosquitoes.
Below are the classification of crops based on their uses:
Oil crops
Vegetable crops
Latex crops
Drug and Medicinal crops
Beverage crops
Fibre crops
Fruit crops
Root and Tubers
Legumes
Spices
Cereals
All crops are plants but not all plants are crops. Below are some instances:
Weeds are considered as plants, not crops.
Parasitic plants are not necessarily crops. Examples of parasitic plants include mistletoe, corpse flower and striga.
Carnivorous or insectivorous plants are not necessarily crops. Examples are sundew, venus flytrap and pitcher plant. The image below shows a carnivorous plant (venus flytrap).
Meanwhile, always understand that all crops are plants, and they are grown for food, money or something beneficial.