Vector borne organisms and the diseases they cause

Vaccination involves a process of introducing pathogens or germs into a person in order to prevent such person from the diseases they cause.

• A. True

• B. False

With regards to the human health, foreign bodies are best regarded as _____.

• A. International bodies

• B. Antilators

• C. Antibodies

• D. Antigens

• E. Antibiotics

• F. Antidotes

Disease causing organisms are termed _____.

• A. Pests

• B. Pathogens

• C. Vectors

• D. Insects

• E. Disease carriers

• F. All the above options are correct

____ is formed from a reaction utilizing oxygen and glucose in the mitochondria of cells.

• A. Galactose

• B. Fructose

• C. Sucrose

• D. AMP

• E. ADP

• F. ATP

Which of the following statement is false concerning carbohydrates?

• A. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only

• B. Carbon has the highest ratio of the constituent elements of carbohydrates

• C. All carbohydrates are sugars

• D. Fructose is a carbohydrate

• E. Natural milk contains lactose and it's a carbohydrate

• F. Fatty foods contains high calories of energy when compared to the same quantity of carbohydrate foods

Which of the following is a class of food?

• A. Water

• B. Fibre

• C. Roughages

• D. Latex

• E. Tanins

• F. Wax

Brachiation is a specialized form of movement exhibited by _____.

• A. Human beings

• B. Babbons

• C. Chameleons

• D. Toads

• E. Millipedes

• F. Birds

_____ is a form of locomotion whereby an organism move by means of its two hind limbs.

• A. Pedalism

• B. Duo Pedalism

• C. Double Pedalism

• D. Dual Pedalism

• E. Bipedalism

• F. Copedalism

Antibiotics fights and kills bacteria. However, they do nothing to a virus

All insects have six legs. However, dragonfly has six legs but can't walk

The chin is defined as the protruding part of the face below the mouth, formed by the apex of the lower lip. It is shown below:

Interestingly, humans are the only animals with chin

Ripe cranberries will bounce like a ball. For this reason, they are nicknamed 'bounceberries'. They will also float in water

Tomatoes and Avocados are fruits, not vegetables

Sweat in itself doesn't smell. The smell that accompanies sweat is actually caused by the presence of bacteria on your skin. This bacteria breaks the sweat coming out of your sweat pores down into acids, thus making it smell.

Deodorants contains alcohol and are antibacterial. They work by killing the bacteria that makes sweat smell

Chewing aspirin during a heart attack may be a life saver. This is true because the drug inhibits platelets from forming a clot that can block an artery of the heart, thus stopping a heart attack

The kneecaps of newly born babies are not made of bone. Rather, they are little bits of cartilage which ossifies (turns from cartilages to bone) from age 2 to 6

Ice cubes made with fresh water are white in color while those made with boiled water are crystal clear

Cats are unable to taste sweet things

Waste Management can be defined as the process of collecting, processing, recycling and controlling any material considered as waste.

Improperly disposed waste litters on road sides, in land fills, gutters and ditches. They are generally bad for the following reasons:

• The waste block drainages hence resulting to flooding, especially during the rainy seasons.
  Please read on erosion here.

• They generate bad smells which can be dangerous to health.

• They constitute nuisance and eyesore.

• They become homes to various disease causing organisms.
  Please read on vectors of diseases here.

Wastes can be classified into various types. These are:

• Biodegradable waste

• Non-Biodegradable waste

• Refuse

• Sewage

• Recyclable waste

• Electronic waste

• Green waste

• Biomedical waste

• Metabolic waste

• Radioactive waste

• Chemical waste

• Animal product waste

Please read the explanations on the classification of wastes here

The African Star Apple is a seasonal fruit that grows abundantly in Nigeria and other West African Countries. It's fondly called African Cherry, Agbalumo or Udara in some parts of Nigeria.

Below are some benefits of the African Star Apple:

• It contains high amount of vitamin C

• It contains a high amount of calcium

• It contains high amount of potassium

• It is a powerful antioxidant

• It aids in weight reduction

• It contains a high amount of iron

• Its leaves, fruits and seeds are medicinal

• It aids digestion and prevents vomiting

Please read more on the african star apple here

Disaccharides are composed of two monosaccharides joined together; thus are also referred to as double sugars.

Disaccharides are often added as sweeteners to food; for instance, the table sugar called sucrose is a disaccharide often used by us to sweeten our tea.

Maltose is another disaccharide used as an ingredient for making malt drinks, chocolates and candies.

The breast milk contains the disaccharide -> lactose.

Lactose is very vital for the normal growth and development of infants.

In adults, disaccharides are non essential nutrients. This implies that we can live without them as adults.

Below is a summary of monosaccharides that make up disaccharides (double sugars).

• Maltose = Glucose + Glucose

• Lactose = Glucose + Galactose

• Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose

Other examples of disaccharides include trehalulose and isomaltulose

Polysaccharides are complex sugars. These are what we often eat whenever we eat carbohydrates.

We have four types of polysaccharides namely:

1. Starch

2. Glycogen

3. Chitin

4. Cellulose

Starchy foods include rice, cassava and yam.

Glycogen is stored in the human liver; as a result of the joining of many glucose molecules.

Chitin is a major component of insect and anthropod's skeleton.

Cellulose is a major component of a plant's cell wall. They cannot be digested when eaten by humans; hence they function as roughages.

Roughages are not classified as one the classes of food in humans. This is due to the fact that they aren't digested. They will rather facilitate the movement of bowels in the large intestine (colon). For this reason, they can be very useful in treating constipation.

Please read more on carbohydrates here