Alfred Ajibola
- Tue, 12th March, 2019 @ 09:48 AM
Topics in Basic Science
Resources from living things Resources from animals Importance of immunization Types of Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides Carbohydrates: Disaccharides and Oligosaccharides Len Academy Examination Questions for Basic Science, JSS2, 2nd Term Len Academy Examination Questions for Basic Science, JSS3, 3rd Term Len Academy Examination Questions for Basic Science, JSS3, 2nd Term Primates: Characteristics of Primates Effects of improper waste management Waste Management: Causes of waste in the society Concept of mass and weight Mineral Salts: Sources, functions and deficiencies of macronutrients Sources, functions and deficiencies of micronutrients Len Academy questions for Basic Science JSS1, second Term Len Academy mid-term test questions for Basic Science JSS1, 2nd Term Microorganisms causing food, water and air borne diseases Vector borne organisms and the diseases they cause Bones of the Human Skeleton Meaning of Drugs, Type of Drugs and Side effects of DrugsAcademic Questions in Basic Science
Vaccination involves a process of introducing pathogens or germs into a person in order to prevent such person from the diseases they cause.
A. True
B. False
With regards to the human health, foreign bodies are best regarded as _____.
A. International bodies
B. Antilators
C. Antibodies
D. Antigens
E. Antibiotics
F. Antidotes
Disease causing organisms are termed _____.
A. Pests
B. Pathogens
C. Vectors
D. Insects
E. Disease carriers
F. All the above options are correct
____ is formed from a reaction utilizing oxygen and glucose in the mitochondria of cells.
A. Galactose
B. Fructose
C. Sucrose
D. AMP
E. ADP
F. ATP
Which of the following statement is false concerning carbohydrates?
A. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only
B. Carbon has the highest ratio of the constituent elements of carbohydrates
C. All carbohydrates are sugars
D. Fructose is a carbohydrate
E. Natural milk contains lactose and it's a carbohydrate
F. Fatty foods contains high calories of energy when compared to the same quantity of carbohydrate foods
Which of the following is a class of food?
A. Water
B. Fibre
C. Roughages
D. Latex
E. Tanins
F. Wax
Brachiation is a specialized form of movement exhibited by _____.
A. Human beings
B. Babbons
C. Chameleons
D. Toads
E. Millipedes
F. Birds
_____ is a form of locomotion whereby an organism move by means of its two hind limbs.
A. Pedalism
B. Duo Pedalism
C. Double Pedalism
D. Dual Pedalism
E. Bipedalism
F. Copedalism
The uniqueness of man can be defined as that which makes man distinct from every other animal and living organism. In this regard, human beings are considered as animals according to science. However, humans are distinctively higher animals when compared to other animals.
Please read on the general characteristics of living organisms here.
Under the classification of living organisms, humans belong to an order termed primates and thus share the same characteristics (as primates). In addition to these features, they also have their unique characteristics.
Please read on primates and their characteristics here.
Note: Man as used in this article will refer to all human beings.
The unique characteristics of man can simply be attributed to those features that are exclusively present on humans. These unique features or characteristics include:
Among all organisms in the universe, the human brain is the most developed.
The highly developed brain of humans is the biggest factor that makes man unique from every other organism on earth.
Below is an image of the human brain showing the gyri and sulci respectively:
Please read on an introduction to the human brain here.
According to research, the more folds a brain has, the more intelligent the organism possessing it will become. To this end, humans have brains with the greatest number of folds (or bumps) called gyri and grooves (or indentations) called sulci.
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Bipedalism is a form of locomotion whereby an organism move by means of its two hind limbs. Animals that move in this manner via their two feet are referred to as biped.
Humans are the only primates that can efficiently move in an upright manner and with their two feet. Although apes and baboons can exhibit a biped movement in an upright manner, they expend more energy and as a result, such biped movement will not be their preferred choice of locomotion.
The choice of movement in baboons is via brachiation. Think of brachiation as a specialized form of movement whereby animals swing from one tree branch (or projection) to another.
Brachiation may also be referred to as arm swinging.
The presence of mouth, tongue, lips and larynx (or voice box) in connection with the brain is responsible for human advancement in speech and language.
Humans are the only animals that can speak a variety of languages while also manipulating their voice into music production. This feature of voice manipulation makes man unique from all other animals.
Please read on reputation and how to build a good reputation here.
The anatomical alignment of the muscles and bones of the shoulders in humans is only unique to humans.
Please read on all bones of the human skeleton here.
Unlike monkeys and chimpanzee whose shoulders are best suited for hanging on trees, the human shoulder (which is the most flexible joint in the human body) is better adapted for throwing, hunting, catching, shooting and a complete movement of the upper limbs. This advancement in structure and function of the human shoulders have given them an excellent survival and building skills.
Man is the greatest hunter on earth and one attribute to this fact is via the great flexibility and composition of their shoulder joint and muscles.
You can read various amazing facts in biology here.
Although humans and other primates have got opposable thumbs, both are not the same. The difference between both thumbs (humans and other primates) is due to it's exact size and location.
Unlike other primates, humans have smaller hands with an excellently positioned thumb. In addition to this, all the fingers (in humans) are richly innervated (that is; supplied with nerve), even to their tips. This is the very reason why humans can uniquely engage in fine motor skills like sewing, writing and drawing.
Humans are not the only animals that possess sweat glands but the fact remains that theirs are unique from other animals, including apes and horses. The difference in the sweat glands of humans is as result of its composition.
The sweat glands of humans secrete mainly water, in addition to salt: that is; sodium ion (Na+) and chlorine ion (Cl-).
Based on these secretions, the sweat of humans is similar to a salt solution.
The sweat glands of other animals comprises of a mixture of water, lipids, fats and protein. In short, these animals sweat differently from humans.
You can read more on mixtures here.
Intelligence may be defined as the ability to apply knowledge into manipulating one's environment to their benefit. It can also be defined as a general cognitive problem-solving skills. You can think of it (intelligence) as the 'skilled use of reason'.
Please read on intelligent and motivational quotes for students here.
We see the application of human intelligence in the development of the internet, automobiles, spaceships, buildings, computers and so on.
You can read on the internet of things here.
Except humans, no other animal can achieve these feats of intelligence. Human intelligence changes over time with age. Also, it can be inherited.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a score derived from a set of standardized tests developed to measure a person's cognitive abilities in relation to their age group.
IQ may also be defined as the ratio of mental age (MA) to chronological age (CA) multiplied by 100.
Please read on what students are expected to know here.
Below are some formulas pertaining Intelligence Quotient:
IQ = MA x 100 ÷ CA
MA = Mental age
CA = Chronological age
IQ above 100 = Brilliance
IQ that equals 100 = Average
IQ below 100 = Below Average
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Amazing facts in Basic Science
Of all animals, mosquitoes hold the record of killing most humans annually. They are responsible for the deaths of 725,000 - 1,000,000 persons yearly
Antibiotics fights and kills bacteria. However, they do nothing to a virus
All insects have six legs. However, dragonfly has six legs but can't walk
The chin is defined as the protruding part of the face below the mouth, formed by the apex of the lower lip. It is shown below:
Interestingly, humans are the only animals with chin
Ripe cranberries will bounce like a ball. For this reason, they are nicknamed 'bounceberries'. They will also float in water
Tomatoes and Avocados are fruits, not vegetables
Sweat in itself doesn't smell. The smell that accompanies sweat is actually caused by the presence of bacteria on your skin. This bacteria breaks the sweat coming out of your sweat pores down into acids, thus making it smell.
Deodorants contains alcohol and are antibacterial. They work by killing the bacteria that makes sweat smell
Chewing aspirin during a heart attack may be a life saver. This is true because the drug inhibits platelets from forming a clot that can block an artery of the heart, thus stopping a heart attack
The kneecaps of newly born babies are not made of bone. Rather, they are little bits of cartilage which ossifies (turns from cartilages to bone) from age 2 to 6
Ice cubes made with fresh water are white in color while those made with boiled water are crystal clear
NOTABLE POINTS IN Basic Science
Matter is composed of particles which can be:
Tightly packed together (as seen in solids).
Loosely packed together (as seen in liquids).
Completely separated (as seen in gases).
The movement of the particles of matter is a function of the overall kinetic energy present in them. You can think of kinetic energy as energy in motion.
An increase in the particles' vibrational, rotational or translational motion will imply an increase in temperature while a decrease in the particles motion (vibrational, rotational and translational) will mean a decrease in temperature. Based on this knowledge, we can therefore define temperature as the measure of the average kinetic energy possessed by the particles of matter.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a score derived from a set of standardized tests developed to measure a person's cognitive abilities in relation to their age group.
IQ may also be defined as the ratio of mental age (MA) to chronological age (CA) multiplied by 100.
Below are some formulas pertaining Intelligence Quotient:
IQ = MA x 100 ÷ CA
MA = Mental age
CA = Chronological age
IQ above 100 = Brilliance
IQ that equals 100 = Average
IQ below 100 = Below Average
Among all organisms in the universe, the human brain is the most developed. This highly developed brain present in humans is the biggest factor that makes them unique from every other organism on earth.
According to research, the more folds a brain has, the more intelligent the organism possessing it will become. To this end, humans have brains with the greatest number of folds (or bumps) called gyri and grooves (or indentations) called sulci.
Waste Management can be defined as the process of collecting, processing, recycling and controlling any material considered as waste.
Improperly disposed waste litters on road sides, in land fills, gutters and ditches. They are generally bad for the following reasons:
The waste block drainages hence resulting to flooding, especially during the rainy seasons.
Please read on erosion here.
They generate bad smells which can be dangerous to health.
They constitute nuisance and eyesore.
They become homes to various disease causing organisms.
Please read on vectors of diseases here.
Wastes can be classified into various types. These are:
Biodegradable waste
Non-Biodegradable waste
Refuse
Sewage
Recyclable waste
Electronic waste
Green waste
Biomedical waste
Metabolic waste
Radioactive waste
Chemical waste
Animal product waste
Please read the explanations on the classification of wastes here
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