Topics in Agricultural Science
Types of agricultural practices Crop rotation explained Benefits of crop rotation Differences between subsistence and commercial farming Subsistence farming explained with its characteristics What is commercial farming? Types of commercial farming Characteristics of commercial farming Importance of forest: Forest reserves in Nigeria Wildlife reserves in Nigeria and its importance Prevention and Control of Crop Pests Economic Importance of Crop Pests Classification of Insect Pests and their Economic Importance Agricultural machines and their uses Causes of soil erosion Ways to prevent soil erosion Asexual Propagation in Plants, Types and Examples Differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms Scheme of Work, Agricultural Science, SS1, First Term Scheme of Work, Agricultural Science, SS1, Second Term Scheme of Work, Agricultural Science, SS1, Third TermAcademic Questions in Agricultural Science
All plants are crops.
A. True
B. False
In agriculture, macronutrients are essential nutrients required by plants. Which of the following is not a macronutrient?
A. Zinc
B. Sulphur
C. Calcium
D. Phosphorus
E. Potassium
F. Magnesium
Which of the following is false concerning micronutrients?
A. They are non-essential nutrients
B. They are required by plants in minute quantities
C. Iron is a micronutrient
D. Chlorine is a micronutrient
E. Copper is a micronutrient
F. Boron is a micronutrient
_____ is a term that describes the biological, chemical and cultural control tactics employed to make pest management economical, environmentally friendly and socially acceptable.
A. Integrated Pest Management
B. Integral Pest Management
C. International Pest Management
D. Inclusive Pest Management
E. Imbibed Pest Management
F. Inclusion Pest Management
Cordage is made from _____ crop.
A. Food
B. Fibre
C. Ornamental
D. Oil
E. Cash
F. Vegetables and Spice
_____ is defined as the solid and arable part of the earth where agricultural activities are be carried out.
A. Soil
B. Farmland
C. Agricultural land
D. Biosphere
E. Open land
F. Planting and grazing land
Gymnosperms and angiosperms are seed bearing plants under the division spermatophyta?
A. True
B. False
Which of the following is false concerning gymnosperms?
A. Cones are present
B. Sepals are present
C. Petals are absent
D. Only seeds are produced
E. Sporophyll form the cones
F. In seed formation, the ovules aren't present in the ovary
Agricultural science as a subject comes with a variety of technical terms. Understanding the definitions and meanings of various agricutural terms will make this subject easier and comprehensible for you.
In this article, we will look at the various agricutural terms and the meanings for the alphabet 'A'.
Below are the various agricutural terms (alphabet 'A'):
This is the premature termination of the developing pollen grains, ova, gametes, embryos, seeds, fruits, flowers and other growing parts of a plant.
A soil is considered to be acidic when its pH value is less than 7.
Understand that the term 'pH' means the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a medium. It is written as a small letter 'p' and a capital letter 'H'.
This is an erosion that occurs at a faster rate than the normal erosion, natural erosion and geologic erosion; and it occurs mainly from man's activity, animal's activity or natural catastrophes that exposes the bare surfaces of the soil.
Meanwhile, recall that erosion is the removal of the soil's top layer
Please read more on soil erosion here.
An acre is a parcel of land with the size of 4,840 square yards or 43,560 square feet.
These are intercellular or gaseous spaces that are present in the cortical tissues of aquatic plants' leaves, stems and root.
Gaseous exchanges in aquatic plants are facilitated via the aerenchyma.
Afforestation is the planting of trees (or tree crops) on an area of land with few or no trees.
You can read on agricultural terms and meanings (I-O).
This is a period of dormancy that occurs after the formation of seed in a fruit. The process of after-ripening is important for the changes that ensures the germination of embryo.
The plant's embryo is present inside the seed.
This is a business that earns its revenue from agricutural activities.
You can read on how to start a home based fish farming business here.
Agriculture is a science that deals with plant and animal farming; including the cultivation of the soil for the purpose of growing crops and rearing animals to provide food for man, raw materials for industries and other useful products.
You can attempt Len Academy agric questions for JSS1 here.
This is the science of using living organisms, cells or other cell constituents to develop agriculture and agricultural products.
This is the science that involves the design of agricultural machinery and equipment, which are useful for various agricutural operations.
Agricutural machineries produced from agricutural engineering includes harvesters, ploughing machines and tractors.
Please read on agricutural tools and their uses here.
These are cooperative bodies that work with the federal and state agencies to carry out research and education for rural and urban producer and consumer groups. Agricultural extension is achieved through the cooperative's specialist personnel for each area of the state or country.
This is defined as the science of crop production and soil management.
A leguminous crop used for forage or hay in livestock farming.
These are pesticide used for controlling and killing algae.
Algae are usually present in lakes, canals, damp walls, swimming pools, water tanks and other water related bodies.
Please read on pest of agricutural importance here.
A soil is considered to be alkaline when its pH value is greater than 7.
This is a cropping system that involves the growing of closely planted trees or shrubs between lines (usually 6 meters in width).
The crops grown in alley cropping are frequently pruned in order to provide nutrients to the crops in the alley.
This is a farming method that employs the use of non-chemical intensive farming practice.
An instance of alternative farming is seen when a farmer uses animal and green manure as fertilizers rather than using a chemical intensive fertilizer like NPK.
Another instance is where a farmer controls pest by using biological systems (that is; through animals) rather than the chemical intensive pesticides.
You can read on agricutural pest, crops attacked and their economic importance.
These are carcasses of farm animals (poultry or livestock) that can be processed by cooking, drying, curing or roasting.
This is a unit used for the measurement of livestock; with an equivalent of one mature cow weighing 1,000 lbs.
The animal unit is used in making comparisons of feed consumption.
Note: Five mature ewes are also considered as an animal unit.
This is a plant that completes its life cycle from seed to plant, flower, and new seed in 1 year or less.
Please read on differences between plants and crops here.
These are domesticated colonies of bees in hives and other beekeeping equipment for the purpose of producing honey.
This refers to the cultivation of aquatic plants for the purpose of food, drugs or something beneficial to man.
These are plants that live in water.
Aquatic Plants grow in water either by floating on its surface, partially embedding its roots and stem in the water or growing under the surface of the water.
This is a barren land or a desert or a semi-desert characterised by its dryness and very low annual rainfall.
Please read on desert and its characteristics here.
This is the mechanical injection of male semen into the womb of the female with a special syringe-like apparatus.
Artificial insemination is practiced extensively in dairy husbandry.
These are organisms that can produce organic matter (food) from inorganic substances.
Understand that plants are photosynthetic autotrophs that manufacture their food through sunlight energy trapped by the chlorophyll present in the chloroplast of the leaves. The process involved is termed photosynthesis
Please read on autotrophic mode of nutrition here.
This is a spiral device on a shaft used to move grains through a tube.
They are plants' growth hormones and can be natural or synthetic.
Auxins regulates plants' growth and development.
They are related to birds, that is: fowl, guinea fowl and turkey.
Please read on agricultural terms and eanings (P-Q).
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Amazing facts in Agricultural Science
Cows technically have one stomach, not four. However, a cow's stomach has four compartments. These are: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum
Peanuts are legumes and not nuts
Although plants neither see nor hear, they can recognize their siblings and even give them preferential treatments
Squirrels do plant more trees (through their actions) than an average human in their lifetime. They often hide their acorns and nuts underground and forget about them
Cows have got the ability to walk up stairs, but not down stairs
A group of cows is called a team, drove or herd.
People just prefer to call them herd
NOTABLE POINTS IN Agricultural Science
Below are the classification of crops based on their uses:
Oil crops
Vegetable crops
Latex crops
Drug and Medicinal crops
Beverage crops
Fibre crops
Fruit crops
Root and Tubers
Legumes
Spices
Cereals
All crops are plants but not all plants are crops. Below are some instances:
Weeds are considered as plants, not crops.
Parasitic plants are not necessarily crops. Examples of parasitic plants include mistletoe, corpse flower and striga.
Carnivorous or insectivorous plants are not necessarily crops. Examples are sundew, venus flytrap and pitcher plant. The image below shows a carnivorous plant (venus flytrap).
Meanwhile, always understand that all crops are plants, and they are grown for food, money or something beneficial.
Below are some of the problems of agriculture in Nigeria:
Lack of mechanized farming
Poor government policies
High cost of fertilizers
Lack of education
Lack of storage facilities
Bad road network
Poor research facilities
Please read a detailed explanation on the problems of agriculture in Nigeria here.
Secateurs are agricultural tools.
Secateurs are also referred to as pruning shears or hand pruners.
It looks like a pair of scissors.
It’s used for trimming flowers and leaves.
It is also used for pruning the branches of shrubs.
An example of an agricultural tool is the hoe. It is shown below:
We have a variety of hoes.
They are generally used for tilling the soil.
They are used for making trenches in farmlands.
A hoe is utilized in harvesting crops like yam and cocoyam
They are also used for cutting weeds on farmlands.