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Academic Articles

Cellular respiration in biology - Biology
Len Academy biology mock questions for waec - Biology
Len Academy biology midterm questions for SS1, 2nd Term - Biology
Len Academy Agricultural Science midterm questions for JSS1, 2nd term - Agricultural Science
Len Academy Agricultural Science midterm questions for jss2, 2nd term - Agricultural Science
What is science? Qualities of a scientist - Basic Science
Types of specialization - Commerce
Specialization and Exchange - Commerce
Types of capital market: Primary market and secondary market - Economics
Capital market explained with its functions - Economics
Characteristics of saltwater habitat - Biology
Aquatic habitat explained with its types - Biology
Types of habitat: Terrestrial habitat explained with examples - Biology
What is habitat? - Biology
Fruit of the Holy Spirit: Modesty and Continency - CRS
Fruit of the Holy Spirit: Goodness, Longanimity and Mildness - CRS
Characteristics of the new life in Christ - CRS
New Life in Christ - CRS
Concept of justification by faith - CRS
Political power: Sources of political power - Government
Concept of power in government - Government
Clay soil explained with its types and characteristics - Agricultural Science
Loamy soil explained with its characteristics - Agricultural Science
Sandy soil: Characteristics of sandy soil and ways to make it fertile - Agricultural Science
Soil explained with its composition - Agricultural Science
Historical background of commerce in Nigeria - Commerce
Disadvantages of barter system - Commerce
Difference between plant cell and animal cell - Biology
Nucleus explained with its structures - Biology
Nucleus explained with its types and functions - Biology
Organelles of the cell explained with their characteristics - Biology
Eukaryotic cell explained with its characteristics - Biology
Prokaryotic cell explained with its structure - Biology
Characteristics of prokaryotic cell - Biology
Concept of cell - Biology
Cell theory in biology - Biology
Definitions of technology and their explanations - Basic Technology
Examples of technology - Basic Technology
Forms of technology explained with their differences - Basic Technology
Basic tools for economic analysis: Graphs explained with its characteristics and importance - Economics
Basic tools for economic analysis: Tables explained with its characteristics and importance - Economics
Importance and limitations of ecological pyramid - Biology
Functions of the executive arm of government - Government
Consequences of dishonesty - Civic Education
Protists explained with their characteristics - Biology
The Supremacy of God - CRS
Supremacy of God - CRS
Lessons learnt from God's supremacy - CRS
Importance of values - Civic Education
Values and Norms explained - Social Studies
What are norms? Types of norms - Social Studies
Differences between values and norms - Social Studies
Gas laws in chemistry - Chemistry
Charles's law explained - Chemistry
Calculation questions on Charles's law - Chemistry
Examples of Charles's law in real life - Chemistry
Boyle's law explained - Chemistry
Calculation questions on Boyle's law - Chemistry
Examples of Boyle's law in real life - Chemistry
What is an Office? Qualities of a good office layout - Business Studies
Small office explained with its characteristics - Business Studies
Large office: Characteristics of large office - Business Studies
Advantages and disadvantages of small office - Business Studies
Advantages and disadvantages of large office - Business Studies
Types of agricultural practices - Agricultural Science

Below are the classification of crops based on their uses:

  • Oil crops

  • Vegetable crops

  • Latex crops

  • Drug and Medicinal crops

  • Beverage crops

  • Fibre crops

  • Fruit crops

  • Root and Tubers

  • Legumes

  • Spices

  • Cereals

Agricultural Science

All crops are plants but not all plants are crops. Below are some instances:

  • Weeds are considered as plants, not crops.

  • Parasitic plants are not necessarily crops. Examples of parasitic plants include mistletoe, corpse flower and striga.

  • Carnivorous or insectivorous plants are not necessarily crops. Examples are sundew, venus flytrap and pitcher plant. The image below shows a carnivorous plant (venus flytrap).

Venus flytrap - Len Academy

 

Meanwhile, always understand that all crops are plants, and they are grown for food, money or something beneficial.

Please read on plants versus crops here

Agricultural Science

Below are some of the problems of agriculture in Nigeria:

  • Lack of mechanized farming

  • Poor government policies

  • High cost of fertilizers

  • Lack of education

  • Lack of storage facilities

  • Bad road network

  • Poor research facilities

Please read a detailed explanation on the problems of agriculture in Nigeria here.

Agricultural Science

The theory of international trade is guided by the principle of comparative cost. This principle was propounded by David Richards.

The principle of comparative cost states that a country should specialize in the production of goods and services in which they have a greater comparative advantage or the least comparative disadvantage.

Below is an instance on the principle of comparative cost.

Now, let us assume we have two countries producing and exporting rice and beans respectively.

  • On a daily basis, If country A produces 100 grams of rice and 300 grams of beans daily and country B produces 50 grams of rice and 150 grams of beans, then according to this principle, country A has an advantage over country B with regards rice and beans production; but better still, country A has a greater comparative advantage in the production of beans.

 

From the above instance, it can also be said that country B is at a disadvantage with regards to the production of rice and beans. Infact, it has a bigger comparative disadvantage with regards to beans production.

The point to note here is this: A country utilizing the principle of comparative cost will always produce quality goods and services at a cheaper cost.

Commerce

No single country manufactures all the goods and services in our world. This implies that every country of the world relies on certain goods and services imported (or brought in) from other countries.

Foreign trade is defined as the exchange of goods, services and capital between two or more countries.

Foreign trade is also termed as international trade.

Please read more on foreign trade here

Commerce

Division of labour can be defined as the act of splitting job process into a number of different processes such that each process is done by a different person or group of persons.

Through the process of division of labour, one worker may constantly perform a specific aspect of the job and as a result, may become specialized in that area.

The result of specialization in the different department of a job will imply the production of goods with better quality.

Please read on division of labour here

Commerce

Wise men from the east came to visit the infant king. Upon their arrival, they saw the child with his mother Mary. They knelt down and worshiped the infant (Jesus).

Notice that the bible recorded that the wise men knelt down and worshipped the infant (Jesus), according to Matthew 2:11.

Only God can be worshiped. Jesus is always God, even as a baby.

It is important to state that Jesus remained God at every point in his physical existence, even when he was in the womb of the virgin; throughout his life on earth, death on the cross and eventual resurrection.

CRS

The wise men from the east opened their treasures and presented the infant Jesus with three significant gifts. These are gold, frankincense and myrrh.

  • Gold represents a symbol of Jesus' kingship. Jesus is the King of kings, even at birth and throughout eternity.

  • Frankincense represents a symbol of Jesus' divinity and a sign of worship. Only God can be worshipped; and as such, Jesus is fully God.

  • Myrrh represents a symbol of Jesus' death. Jesus is truly man, and this is why he was able to suffer and die on the cross.

Please read on the early years of Jesus here.

CRS

Arrowhead Lines - Len Academy

Arrowhead lines are lines with pointed edges at one or both ends. The pointed edges are in the form of an arrow.

Arrowhead lines are used:

  • At the end of dimensional lines.

  • As measurement lines.

Please read more on types of line here.

Basic Technology

A thin continuous line could be a straight or curved line. However, the main point to remember is this: 'it is a tiny line with no dot or dashes within it'.

_______________________

A thin continuous line is used for representing the followings:

  • Projection lines

  • Hatching lines

  • Construction lines

  • Short center lines

  • Measurement lines

  • Diagonal lines used to state plane surfaces

  • Intersections

  • Leader lines

  • Backside section lines

Basic Technology

The individual demand schedule is a table that shows the demand of a commodity that an individual (consumer) purchased at various prices, and at a particular time.

The table below shows an individual demand schedule:

Price in Naira (of a tuber of yam)

Quantity demanded (per week)

500

5

400

10

300

15

200

20

100

25

Economics

The market demand schedule is also referred to as an aggregate demand schedule, total demand schedule or composite demand schedule.

This is a table that shows the different commodities purchased by all the consumers or customers in the market.

The market demand schedule is the summation of the individual demand schedules, showing the demand of different customers for a commodity at a particular price. It is shown in the table below:

Unit price of commodity (Naira)

Quantity demanded by consumer A (QA)

Quantity demanded by consumer A (QB)

Market demand (QA +  QB)

50

20

15

35

40

40

30

70

30

60

45

105

20

80

60

140

10

100

75

175

 

From the above table, notice that when the unit price of the commodity was 50 Naira, consumer A demanded 20 quantities while consumer B demanded 15 quantities.

Please read more on demand schedule here.

Economics

Forms of division of labour relates the various ways through which division of labour may be carried out.

Take for instance, within a country, one state may choose to specialize in the production of a cars while another specializes in a different area, let's say agriculture.

Below are the forms of division of labour

  • Complex division of labour

  • Occupational division of labour

  • Geographical division of labour

 

Please read more on the forms of division of labour here.

Commerce

Periodic Table - Len Academy

The periodic table, also called periodic table of elements or Mendeleev's table, is a table that shows an organized arrangement of the 118 chemical elements according to their atomic number.

Out of the 118 elements; elements 1 - 94 are present in nature while elements 95 - 118 are synthesized artificially.

The manner at which elements are arranged on this table reveals some similarities in their electronic configurations and chemical properties.

Please read on the periodic table of elements here.

Chemistry

A compound composed of iron (Fe) and oxygen (O) was analyzed and found to contain 69.94% iron and 30.06% oxygen. Find the empirical formula of the compound. (Molar mass of Fe=55.85, O=16)

  • Solution:

Step 1: Identify the given parameter from the question.

  • Fe = 69.94%,   O = 30.06%.

  • Empirical formula = Fe?O?

 

Step 2: Convert the percentages to gram. (just attribute grams to the %).

  • 69.94% = 69.94g while 30.06% = 30.06g

 

Step 3: To get the mole ratio of each element, convert the gram to moles using the formula (mole = mass/molarmass). Please merorize this formula because we always work with moles in emperical formula.

  • Mole of Fe: 69.94/55.85 = 1.252mol

  • Mole of O: 30.06/16 = 1.879mol

 

Step 4: Divide both sides by the smallest mole ratio.

  • Iron has the smallest mole ratio in our case, therefore: 1.252/1.252 = 1,    1.879/1.252 = 1.5

  • We now have the formula = Fe1O1.5

 

Step 5: Multiply each of the moles by the smallest whole number that will convert each into a whole number. (In our case, the number '2' is the smallest whole number that will make '1.5' and '1' whole numbers when multiplied by it.

  • For iron (Fe), we will have 1 x 2 = 2

  • For oxygen (O), we will have 1.5 x 2 = 3

 

Step 6: Write the empirical formula.

  • The empirical formula= Fe2O3

  • Iron(III)tetraoxosulphate(VI)

Chemistry

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Amazing facts for Students

Statue of Unity - Len Academy

The Statue of Unity in Gujarat, India, is the tallest statue in the world. It stands at 182 meters (579 feet)

According to research, the problem isn't the amount of food produced; the actual problem is the distribution of these foods. In this regard, we actually produce enough food to feed everyone on earth, but their distribution remains an underlying problem

 

1,000 computers are used to retrieve the answers to your Google search (query) in 0.2 seconds

Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani education activist, and she is the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize award at age 17 in 2014, for her work as a child rights activist and champion of girls’ right to education

Russia is home to the largest area of forest in our world with a land mass of 815 million hectares

Salvator Mundi - Len Academy

Salvator Mundi by Leonardo da Vinci is the most expensive painting in the world. It is valued at 450.3 Million Dollars.

This painting depict Jesus Christ with his right hand raised in blessing, and his left hand holding an orb

According to scientific research, if the first tear drop comes from the right eye, it’s tears of joy. If it comes from the left eye, then it is as a result of pain

Marie Curie was the first person ever to win two Nobel prizes. She won her first Nobel price for physics in 1903, and the second for chemistry in 1911 for her work on radioactivity.

2.7 Billion Dollars was realized from the movie - Avengers: Endgame. This makes it the top-grossing film of all time

Sulawasi pigs - Len Academy

The world’s oldest known work of art was discovered by scientists in 2019 on an Indonesian island named Sulawesi. This work of art was created 44,000 years ago, and it shows paintings of three Sulawesi pigs

The shortest war ever lasted for just 38 minutes. This is the Anglo-Zanzibar War in 1896

The first hand-held mobile phone call was made in New York City on April 3rd, 1973

Lake Baikal - Len Academy

Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake in the world. It is located in Siberia, and has a depth of 5,315 feet (1,620 meters)

River Nile is the world's longest river, reaching a length of 6,853km. It runs through the borders of 11 African countries. These are Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and Eritrea

The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. It has a dept of 11,034 meters (or 36,201 feet)

68% of households in New Zealand have a pet, and this is more than any other nation or country in the world

Utrecht - Len Academy

According to the Global Bicycle Index, Utrecht in Netherlands is the most bike-friendly city in the world

According to the Population Reference Bureau, the number of people alive today represents about 7% of the total number of humans who have ever lived.

Japan has recorded the most earthquakes and is thereby considered as the world's most earthquake-prone country

174 world leaders signed the Paris Agreement on Earth Day in 2016 at the United Nations (UN) headquarters in New York. This agreement presents the largest number of countries ever to come together to sign anything on a single day. The agreement aims to combat climate change, accelerate and intensify the actions and investments needed to strengthen the global climate effort

Dentistry is the oldest profession in the world. This is considered true because a research conducted by the University of Bologna, Italy on a 14,000-year-old skull found that one rotten tooth in the jaw had been deliberately scoured and scraped with a dental tool

Giant Squid - Len Academy

Giant squid lives deep in the ocean and they have the largest eyes in the world

Scrunched and strengthed are the longest one-syllable words in the English language

The hottest temperature ever recorded occurred in Furnace Creek Ranch, Death Valley, California, USA, at 56.7oor (134oF) on July 10, 1913

The planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune have no solid surfaces, but are rather made up of gases. For this reason, humans can never stand on them

Burg Khalifa - Len Academy

Burg Khalifa is the tallest building in the world (as at 2023). It is situated in Dubai and stands at over 2,700 feet

The longest word in English language with only one vowel is 'strengths'

United States of America is comprised of fifty states and Washington D.C.

The letter 'q' is not present in any of the American states

Scientific research has it that the human nose can distinguish more than a trillion different odors

The movements of the fingers are controlled by muscles of the palms and forehands

Tiger fur and skin - Len Academy

Tigers have striped fur. So also is their skin

Platypus - Len Academy

Platypus (sometimes referred to as the duck-billed platypus) is an egg-laying, semiaquatic mammal found in eastern Australia. It has no stomach and as such, its food goes from the mouth through the esophagus and directly to their intestines.

Red-Billed Quelea - Len Academy

The most common wild bird in the world is native to Africa, and it's the red-billed quelea with a population estimated to be around 1.5 billion

The logo for gmail was designed the night before it was launched

Coca Cola owns all the domain names (website names) that can be read as ahh. They include: ahh.com, ahhh.com, ahhhh.com, ahhhhh.com, ahhhhhh.com and so on..., all the way up to 62 'h's!

Yahoo is an acronym for: 'Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle'

Elephant on cumulus cloud - Len Academy

A medium-sized cumulus cloud has a weight of about 80 adult elephants.

You can think of cumulus cloud as a detached, individual, cauliflower-shaped cloud often seen in fair weather conditions

The word pangram refers to a sentence that contains all 26 letters of the alphabet. Below is an example of a pangram:

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

The word Paraskevidekatriaphobia means the fear of Friday the 13th, while Triskaidekaphobia means an extreme fear of the number 13

Angry and Hungry are the only two English words that currently ends in '-gry'