Alfred Ajibola
- Thu, 06th February, 2020 @ 14:28
Topics in Biology
Ecological pyramid explained with its importance and limitations Hindbrain: Medulla Oblongata and its features Food web explained with examples Biology Scheme of Work, SS1, First Term Biology Scheme of Work, SS1, 2nd Term Biology Scheme of Work, SS1, 3rd Term Seminal Vesicles and Bulbourethral Glands as Male Accessory Sex Organs Scrotum and its contents: Testicles Brain: Introduction to the Human Brain Forebrain: Lobes of the Cerebrum and their Functions Cerebellum: Parts and Functions of the Cerebellum Midbrain: Division and Functions of the Midbrain Negative Feedback Mechanism in Homeostasis Arterial Disorders: Characteristics and Causes of Arterial Disorders Types of Desert and their Characteristics Characteristics of Tropical Rainforest Swamp Forest: What are Swamp Forests? Characteristics of Swamp Forests Savanna: Savanna and Grassland explained Savanna - Types of SavannaAcademic Questions in Biology
In a food chain, the primary consumers are classified under trophic level _____.
A. Zero
B. One
C. Two
D. Three
E. Four
F. Five
Cold blooded animals are referred to as _____.
A. Homeotherms
B. Endotherms
C. Poilokitherms
D. Ectotherms
E. Thermotherms
F. None of the above
All reptiles are vertebrates.
A. True
B. False
_____ cells are responsible for the formation of osteoblasts.
_____ is a bone that constitute the axial skeleton.
Which of the following is false concerning cartilages and bones?
A diagram showing the movement of energy through a food chain is called a _____.
Which of the following is NOT a part of the wrist bones (or carpal bones)?
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The cerebellum is that part of the brain that plays a vital role in the body's voluntary (and physical) movements. It is located at the posterior part of the brain, just below the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebrum. It's also located posteriorly at the same level with the pons. This is shown in the image below:
Please read on the Cerebrum, it's Anatomy, Lobes and Functions here.
The cerebellum (sometimes referred to as the little brain) accounts for about 10% of the brain's size and it consists of almost half of the neurones (brain cells). It's also divided into two cerebellar hemispheres by a structure known as vermis present in its midline. This is shown in the image below:
Please read on the Introduction to the Human Brain here.
Note: The surface of the cerebellum is referred to as the cerebellar cortex and it's composed of gray matter.
The cerebral medulla is located underneath the cerebellar cortex and it's made up of white matter. Embedded within the white matter are the 4 cerebellar nuclei. These are:
You can read on the Mid Brain and its Functions here.
The Cerebellum is lobed and this gives its surfaces a distinctive appearance. It can therefore be divided into 3 lobes. These are:
Note: The flocculonodular and anterior lobes can been seen above the primary fissure while the posterior lobe lies below the primary fissure. This is shown in the image below:
Most often, the signals coming into the cerebrum are immediately processed and directed out as output via an appropriate nerve. This is termed feedforward processing.
Feedforward processing implies that the internal transmission of nervous impulses within the cerebellum is minimal.
Functionally, the cerebellum receives sensory information from the spinal cord and other parts of the brain (e.g mid brain). It also regulates the motor movements of the body thereby bringing about proper coordination, balance, posture and speech. For this reason, the cerebellum is often considered a motor structure (since cerebellar damage leads to impairments in motor function like movement and posture).
Please read on Posture and Postural Defects here.
Note: Examination of damages to the the cerebellum has proven to be the most important clues to its function.
When the cerebellum becomes damaged in humans or animals, they tend to show problems associated with motor functions. To this end, precision movements are lost in such animals (or humans). Also they begin to show an uncoordinated, random, or poorly timed muscular activities and movements.
Please read on the Functions of the Human Skeleton here.
It coordinates voluntary movement of the body and muscular activity.
It coordinates posture and balance in humans. A typical examples of an impairment of this function is seen during the intake of alcohol. The person involved loses balance because alcohol impairs the coordination of posture and balance by the cerebellum.
Please read on the Homeostasis and Negative Feedback Mechanism here.
The cerebellum is crucial in the learning of new skills (that is; motor learning) through a trial and error process. Such skills will include " learning to ride a bicycle or throwing a ball into a basketball net".
You can read on the Game of Basketball here.
It controls Speech and bodily coordination.
The cerebellum plays an active role in cognitive functions like memory and learning.
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Alfred Ajibola is a Medical Biochemist, a passionate Academician with over 7 years of experience, a Versatile Writer, a Web Developer, a Cisco Certified Network Associate and a Cisco CyberOps Associate.
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Amazing facts in Biology
99% of a panda's diet is bamboo. They may eat fish or other small animals occasionally
When attacked by insects, lima beans plant will often command parasitic wasps to their defence.
When the leaves of the lima bean's leaves are eaten by insects, the plant gives off a substance that signals parasitic wasps to swam in, destroying its enemies (the leaf-eating insects) in the process
Frogs drink water through their skin
Armadillos are western mammals known for their unique armor-like shell which are bulletproof
Although zebras are known for their characteristics black and white stripes, we still have some polka-dotted zebras
Charles Darwin is a British naturalist and biologist who contributed greatly into the study of evolution. According to research, he frequently ate the animals he studied
Lungs are the only human organ that can float on water
Unlike most snakes that lay eggs, anacondas give birth to live babies
A shrimp's heart is in its head
Women have more pain receptors than men
NOTABLE POINTS IN Biology
For a thing to be considered living, it must possess all the basic characteristics of life. These include:
Movement
Respiration
Nutrition
Irritability or Sensitivity
Growth
Excretion
Reproduction
Death
Adaptation
Competition
Please read the explanations on all the basic characteristics of life here
During strenuous exercises like sprinting or running, your body may actually work in the shortage of oxygen. During this time, your body owes oxygen (called oxygen debt) and it must be replenished or repayed after the exercise is stopped. This is why you breathe excess of oxygen after you stopped the exercise.
This is the concept of anaerobic respiration
A food chain is a diagram that shows the relationship between plants and animals within a habitat on the basis of how they rely on each other for food.
Note: Habitat is a place where an organism live. It is of three types:
The term Biology originated from two Greek words. They are:
Bios: means life.
Logos: means knowledge or to study.
Biology can therefore be defined as the study of life
Anything that has life is generally considered as a living organism (or organism). All living organisms must be able to carry the following activities:
Movement
Respiration
Nutrition
Irritability or Sensitivity
Growth
Excretion
Reproduction
Death
Adaptation
Competition
The above listed points are often regarded as the basic characteristics of life. You can memorize them using the acronym -> MR. NIGER DAC.
You can read on the introduction to biology and the basic characteristics of life here
The gas used in the manufacture of food by plants is Carbon dioxide or Carbon(IV)oxide or CO2
Plants manufacture food through a process called photosynthesis.
Please read on photosynthesis here
It is noteworthy to state that plants are the only orgnisms that take away CO2 from the atmosphere
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